Drawing-press



E. W. ZEH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2.191s.

l,322,861 Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

6 SHEETSSHEET I.

WWII/E8858 INVENTOR:

Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

6 SHEETSSHEET 2.

INVENTOR.

WITNESSES:

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E. W. ZEH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2. 1916.

Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

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WITNESSES! um/mu.

E. W. ZEH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2.191s.

1,322,861 Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

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E. W. ZEH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2 191a.

1,322,861 Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

6 SHEETSSHEET 5.

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0w. c aumwe ww ATTORNEY.

E. W. ZEH.

DRAWING PRESS APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2,19ns.

1,322,861 a Iatvntvd Nov. 25, 1919.

(i SHEETS-SHEET 6- from sheet metal.

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EDMUND w. zen, 0F NEWARKHNEW JERSEY.

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To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, EDMUND W. ZEH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Drawing-Presses, 'of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more particularly to presses for drawing sheet metal blanks into cup-shaped products, and particularly cups of small diameter compared with their depth. It willbeundersitood by those familiar with the art that especial care has to be exercised to prevent splitting the metal when forming deep cups of sm'all diameter The present invention utilizes a multiple drawing of the metal,

that is, first draws a cup of larger diameter than required,. and then redraws the metal to a smaller diameter, and so on until the desired size is reached.

The objects of the invention are to provide such a machine in which the reciprocating parts have slow individual movement; to th us avoid abruptness and undue strain on the metal; to move the lower die upward for clamping the blank and thehammer downward for drawing theme'tal;

to obtain a dwell table carrying the upper and lower positions; to obtain this dwell partly by toggles and partly-by 01fsets in the slot of a crank and slot drive for the-toggles; to clamp the blank to the table or blank holder by raising the table and maintaining it in raised position w1th' the metal in engagement with an ad] ustable head during drawing of the metal; to pro- 1i n the movement of the Jvide tension members for said head whereultaneously applying the brake to stop the by blanks ofvarious thickness may be accommodated; to secure the adJustment of said head at the front of the machme convenient to the operator; tomaintain the "same'in accurate parallel relation to the table or'blank holder for insuring uniform distribution of presssure on the blank; to secure an improved control for automatically throwing the clutch out and simmachine upon completion of each cycle; to provide means whereby the operator may manually throw out thlscontrol before the completion ofthe cycle so that the press will continue to operate through another cycle; to -p'rovide an improved multiple er dies. in its extreme Specification of Letters Patent. l Patented NOV, 25, 1919, Application filed June 2, 1916. Serial No. l l01,219.

drawing hammer; to insure positive action thereof; to secure simplicity of construction and operation, and to obtain other advantages and results as may be brought out in the following description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in; which like numerals of reference indicate the same'pa'rts throughout the several views,

Figure l is a front elevation of a drawing press embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side View thereof;

.Fig. 3 is a detail view of a certain cam Fig. 10 is a vertical section taken longi tudinally thereof, and

Fig. .11 is a diagrammatical illustration of the movement and relation of the parts during operation of the machine.

In order to give a brief general idea of my improved machine, I would say that-in the said drawings the reference num'erall indicates a suitable bed or basekfrom the four corners of which guideposts 2 extend upward and aresecured at their upper ends in a suitable top piece 3. Between the four .guideposts 2, is a table 4 adapted to be 'raised from and-returned to the bed- 1 as the machine operates, and it, is to. be understood that in use, a suitable lower die 5, (see Figs. 6 and 7), is mounted on top of said table. As the table is raised, a fiat metal blank placed on the lower; die is clamped against an upper die or.clamp 6 carried by an opposing head 7 adjustably .mounted on said four guideposts 2. Said head 7 is vertically recessed or hollow as at 8 and provides tracks or ways 9, 9 on the'inner walls (of its re'cess orchamber to. guide a hammer 10 vertically up and down within saidhead. In the useof my machine, I first clamp the metal between I the clamp 6 and lower die 5, and then draw the metal down into the lower die by causing the hammer to descend. Saidfham mer is reciprocated by a pitman 11 operated by a crank 12 of a crank shaft 13 entend- 'ing from side to side" of the machine in suitable journals in the, top, piece 3, as

' shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A drivingshaft .1 1 is located at the back of the machine and adapted to rotate 'the'crankshaft 13 through a. train of gearing, w1th a suitable clutch,

Describing more in detail the specificembodiment of the invention illustrated in sald- 16 has'suitable ears 17, 17 extending toward the front and back of the'machine and connected by links 18, 18, adapted to swing in, a

Although this slot may be straight, it is but still parallel, the upper end 25 of the vertical plane at the side of the machine, to the ends of cranks 19, 19 secured to rock shafts 20, 21 at the front and back of the machine respectively below the table. Said shafts carry fast on themselves the lowermembers of the toggles 15, whereby said toggles are operated as the cranks are swung up or down, and the upper'member of the toggles being pivoted to the table. It 7111 be obvious that as the slide bar is ralsed the links 18 will push upwardly on the cranks 19 and will approach horizontal position, and when said links are in substantially horizontal position, the slide bar may have a considerable vertical movement without materially disturbing the position of the toggles. .I prefer to have the toggles in substantially vertical alinement when the links 18 approach the horizontal and when the table is at its highest point, thereby obtaining a pause for the. table in this position. It is also preferable to operate the slide bar 16 so as to obtain a pause thereof at its raised or uppermost position, and thus increase the length of time or pause of the table at its upper position. To this end a crank 22 terminates the crank shaft 13 at its end adjacentsaid slide bar, an outwardly extending roller 23 on the end of said crankengaging in a transverse and preferably inclined slot 24 of the slide'bar.

preferable to form it as shown in Fig. 3, with its ends 25, 26 .ofl'set out of alinement slot being offset downwardly and th lower portion 26 of the slot oflset upwardly and said offset portions 25 and 26 being joined to form a continuous slot by a middle portion 27.the center-line of which is a reverse curve with its radii 0f curvature both equal to the radius of the circle of revolution of the cen ter of the crank 22 about the crank shaft 13.

Obviously, therefore, as the crank revolves and the roller 23 travels. in the curved por-.

tion of the slot 2 1 with the center of cur-Va 'will result, and this pause I have arranged to occur not only when the table} is at its hl' est position but will also occurwhen the] ta 1e is at its lowest position.

It may'here be noted that it is preferable to construct the slide bar 16 longitudinally "adjustable, and to this end I have shown the same comprising an upper section 28 transversely recessed adjacent its lower end as at 29, see Fig. 2, and a lower section 30 screw-threaded at its upper end and insert ed in asuitable hole drilled upwardly from .the bottom of the upper section 28 into the recess 29. This lower section 30]- is then clamped in adjusted position to the upper portion by suitable nuts 31, 31, and by thus varying the length of the slide bar, the tog- .gles are regulated in their movement to elevate the table.

As the table is raised I arrange to have the ing thereinto, and a sleeve 35 adapted to I slide on the punch. Preferably the punch has an upper shank 33 with an enlarged lower end34, and the sleeve is correspondingly shaped so that its downward movement is limited by, engagement with the enlarged end of the punch. When in its lowest position with respect to the punch, said sleeve preferably terminates at the bottom of the punch, and preferably the lower edge of the sleeve is beveled upwardly outward as shown at 36. Said sleeve is normally held in ,such lowest position upon the hammer by a pair of compression springs 37, 37 Spaced peripherally of, the sleeve and seated on suitable cars 38, 38 projecting radially from the upper end of said sleeve with pins 39 entering the springs; the upperends of said springs are positioned within suitable sockets 10, 4:0 in the bottom of the hammer 10, and thus the sleeve 35 is normallv held downward away from the hammer.

It is to be understood that the dies now being described are for'double drawing of metal, that is, a sheet' of metal is first drawn into cup shape pf one diameter and then redrawn to a smaller diameter,- and this operation I eflect with one downward deiscent of the hammer. The first draw of the 70 ture coincident with the center of the shaft, a pause in themovement of the slide ban v metal is to a cup having an inside diameter substantially equal to' the outside diameter of the sleeve by the simultaneous descent of the punch and sleeve, and the second draw is effected by the further descent of the punch alone, shaping the cup to the diameter of the punch and elongating it. In many instances to insure thepositive descent'of thesleeve to effect its. draw, I provide a springactuated detent, see Fig. 8, for locking the punch and sleeve together for the portion of the stroke necessary -to complete the metal drawing imposed upon the sleeve.

This detent comprises a vertically disposed finger 41 pivoted to a laterally projecting lug 42 at the bottom of the hammer 10, and forced normally outward therefrom at its upper end by'a spring 43. The lower end of said finger is arranged to engage on top of a bracket 44 projecting from the sleeve 35 and carry the sleeve and' punch downward together, until the upper end of said finger 41 engages a lateral protuberance .45 arranged on the inner wall of the head 7 and swings the lower end of said finger off the bracket 44 and allowsthe hammer and punch to descend farther while the sleeve remains stationary. I

Carried by the table-4 is the lower' or drawing die 5,v axially coincident with the upper or punching die. This lower die consists of an upper member 46 which acts as a blank holder, being centrally apertured, at 47, to receive the sleeve 35 surrounding the punch 32 with of course suflicient clearance to accommodate the blank within the aperture 47 and around the sleeve. The lower or second drawing member 48 has an aperture 49 large enoughto receive only the punch 32, with the material, and is chamfered at its upper periphery, as at 50, to corres ond to the chamfer 36 on the sleeve. ee Figs. 6 and 7.)

The relation of the hammer to the lower die and table 4 may be adjusted or regulated vertically by varying the length of the pit man 11. To this end, the pitman is constructed with an upper portion 51 and a lower portion 52 adjustably connected, (see Figs. 6 and 7). The lower portion comprises a screw 53 the lower end of whichis globular, asat 54, and 'iscarried-in a socket 55 in "the top of the hammer by a clamping plate 56 surrounding the upper and smaller part of the globular end 54 thereby .reventingits withdrawal. The upper em of the screw 53 is insertedin a threaded socket 57 extendinglongitudinally upward from the bottom endof the upper portion 51 of the pitman. {Obviously'by re- -up or down may be given the hammer, and 'this adjustment may be'maintained by a her 46 of'the drawing die 5 will eng e and be clamped against the under surface of the blank holder 6 secured on the under side of .the head 7. This holder 6 provides a central hole 59 which slidably receives the sleeve 35 onthe punch 32 and guides the same to accurately enter the aperture of the lower die.

In order to adjust the elevation of this blank holder 6 to the particular lower dies and unetal blanks being used, the head 7 to which the blank holder is secured is adapted to be moved vertically upon the four guideposts 2. To this end the head 7 is supported accurately in adjusted position by a pair of opposite bolts 60 parallel to the posts .2 and extending upwardly from the base 1 at 013- posite sides of the machine between the front and rear posts. These bolts are preferably long enough 'and of a sufliciently small cross-section so as to elastically elongate slightly as occasion may require to accommodate variations in the thicknesses of the metal or blank. The particular disclosure of the invention shown in the drawings illustrates these bolts 'slida bly passing each through a pair of upper and lowbr spaced ears 61, 61 on the sides of the head 7, (see 'Figs. 6 and 7), and between the ears of each pair and centrally threaded to receive the threads of the bolts 60 is a pinion 62 the teeth of which mesh with a horizontally disposed worn163 on a shaft 64 extending diagonally to the front and center of the machinethrough the head 7, (see F ig; 5). Qn the front ends of these shafts are bevel gears 65, 65 meshing with each other so that rotation of one results in rotation of the other, and one of said shafts has .an end 66 projecting beyond the bevel gear for receiv- I ing-a crank (not shown) prother means for turning the same. Obviously as these shafts are thus rotated, the worms 63 revolve the pinions 62 which thereby either move up or I move down the stationary bolts 60, simultaneously, and ,carry the head 7 with them.

In this manner, it will be-seen, a very accurate adjustment upward or downward may be effected and the head maintained in true parallel relation to the table.

; From the two posts 2 at the back of the machine, see Fig. 2, suitable brackets 67 project rearward in which is journaled the driving shaft 14 having at one end fastand loose pulleys 68, 69 and provided with fly wheels 70, 70 at opposite sides of the machine. Rotatably'loose upon this shaftis a drum 71, see Fig. 9, disposed centrally between the brackets 67, 67 and secured at one end to a pinion 72, also rotatably mounted on said volving the screw 53 any desired adjustment shaft. At its other end the drum is formed 14. This slidable clutch member 74 is pro-,

vided with a rotatable collar 75 having d ia- 5 metrically opposite trunnions 76, 76 which are engaged in. the forked end 77 ofa horiw z ontally disposed bell-crank lever 78. Obviously by swinging the bell-crank lever 1n one direction, .the clutch is thrown in and by swinging thebell-crank lever in the other direction the clutch is thrown out. For so swinging the bell-crank lever, I provlde an operating lever 79 outside of the bracket 67, preferably on the right-hand s1de of the machine as an operator stands in front of it, and extending forwardly toward the front of the machine within convenient reach of the operator. Said lever is non-rotatably secured at its rear end upon a rock-shaft 80 projecting through the bracket 67 below the bell-crank lever 78, and an upwardly directed arm 81 fixed to said rock-shaft and slotted at its upper end engages the free end of the bell-crank lever 78 transversely thereof. Obviously by swinging the operating lever 79, the rock-shaft 80 is turned and the arm 81 thereon swings the bellcrank 78 to shift the slidable clutch member 74, and in the-particular construction and arrangement of parts herein shown to '85 extending around the drum 71', and thus when the operating lever 79 is swung up to throw the clutch out, the middle portlon of the U-member is swung down which tightens the band 85 upon the drum and stops the machine. Although the otherv end ofthe brake band may be secured in any way, I

' haveshown" the same attached to the mid- -dle' portion of a yoke 86, the free ends ofthe arms of which loosely swing upon the rock-shaft'80and pivot rod 84,

.Journaled within the brackets 67,67 and disposed in parallel relation to and" above the driving shaft 14 is a counter-shaft 87, (see- Figs. 2and 10), hav ing'keyed to itself 5 a transmission gear 88 meshing with the pinion 72. Said counter-shaft also has *keyed to itself. upon the outside 'ofthe bracket 67 a pinion 89, meshing with a large gear wheel 90 on the crank shaft 13 carried by the top piece3 and extending from I side to side of th machine. Obviously, with the.clutch thrown in, the crank shaft 13, is

driven slowly from the pulley 68. e

In order to automatically throw out the clutch 73-74 with each revolution of the crank shaft 13, a cam 91 is placed on the end of said crank shaft above the operating lever 79, and at one side of this cam a rock- 1ng arm 92 is fulcrumed to the top piece 3, see Fig. 4). Said rocking arm extends over the cam 91 and is provided with a roller 93 to engage thesame and thus reduce wear and friction so as to insure accuracy of bperation. The free" erid of this rocking arm which extends beyond the cam 91 pivotally erating lever. A helical tension spring 97 secured to both the depending link 94 and the operating lever 79 normally draws the front edge of said link against the stud 96 on said lever. The lower edge of this notch is preferably perpendicular tothe front edge of the link, so that the stud 96 Will lodge thereagainst, but the top edge of the notch is inclined so the stud will ride'out of the notch. With the operating lever 79 raised, as in Fig.4, and the machine standing idle, the

operator disengages'the notch 95 of the link 94 from the stud 196 and lowers the operating lever 7 9', throwing in the clutch and thus causing the crank shaft 13 to operate. Thecam 91 likewise revolves and in doing so =11 lows the link 94 to lowerso the notch 95 passes the stud 96.. Then the cam operates to raise the link as it comes back to initial position, and in doing so the stud 96 is engaged within the notch 95 whereby the operatlng lever is raised, throwing out the machine. In this manner the machine completes one'cycle when started by the operadisengage the notch 95 from the stud 96 I.

clutch, applying the brake and stopping the have shown the link) prolonged below the v operating lever 79 and pivotally supporting therebelow an arm 98 extending tothe front of the machine where it is pivoted to one arm of'abell-crank lever 99 fulcrumed-to the operating lever and arranged so the operator can conveniently gri both. the

operating lever and the other arm .of the bell-crank lever in one hand. By thus gripping the two parts the lin'k 94is swung to 'clear the notch from the stud and it will be obvious that if the operator so desire, he could thus hold the link back from -the stud "so as to prevent the stud from entering the to continue upon another cycle,-and soon.

In operation the blank is laid upon the upper member'46 of the lower die and as the table is raised the blank is thereby clamped against the blank holder 6 on the head. Then as the hammer descends the lower or drawing'die.

sleeve 35 and punch head 34 first act in unison, drawing the blank from between the member 46 and blank holder 6 into the large aperture 47 of the upper member 46 of the The sleeve 35 then reaches its lowest position and presses the material between the chamfered edge 36 of itself and the chamfered edge of the aperture 49 of the second or lower member 48 of the drawing die; Meanwhile the punch head 34 forces the metal blank into this low er or smaller aperture 49 to form the cup.. V hen the punch reaches its lowest point, the forming operation is complete and the hammer, punch and sleeve. are raised to initial position and the table lowered. The cup may be removed from the lower ie by a stationary stand 100 extending upwardly into the apertures of the die members and upon which the cup rests as the table is lowered and which is on a level with the top of the upper member of the lower die when the same is at its lowest position, (see Figs. 6 and 7).

I prefer to have the downward stroke of the hammer lag 45 behind the upward movement of the slide bar 16 and table, that is, the machine comes to rest with the table in its lowest position and the hammer not' entirely raised. This may beseen by reference to Fig. 11, where the upper row of cranks diagrammatically represents the positions of the crank 12 operating the hammer through a complete cycle, each position showing an advance of 45 from the former. The next lower row of cranks represents the positions of the cranks 22 operating the slide bar through a complete cycle. In connection with this line of cranks is shown a pair of toggles 15 and their operating link 18. The lowest row in the figure shows the resultant movements and relation of the hammer 10 and lower die 5. At the start, or on vertical line I, the slide bar operating crank 22 is on its lower dead center and the hammer operating crank 12 is 45 from its upper dead center. On line II the hammer crank 12 has reached its upper dead center and is ready to descend; meanwhile the toggles 15 are being straightened, this being accomplished by the slide bar operating crank 22 on line III. At that time the metal blank is clamped by the lower dies against the blank holder6 and is held so durin the I entire down stroke of the hammer an until the hammer is starting to rise. Then, as the lower die is lowered, the-punch head 34 by its upward retraction into the sleeve 35 ried by the table 4 remains stationary in its lowest position through the period between vertical line VIII and I as shown in Fig. 11, whereas in its highest position the said lower die remains stationary through the three periods between vertical line III and VI. The reason for this longer dwell when the lower die is up is that the link 18 whi ch operates the toggles 15 is then in substantially horizontal position, so that movement of it to swing the toggles is very slight indeed and the longer dwell thus secured is utilizedrto give time for the double drawing which I have described to take place. The long dwell is indicated by the upper straight portion 101 of the curve 102 working in said slot to raise and lower the table.

2. In a press of the character described,

the'combination of a member adapted to'be reciprocated, a slide bar connected to said member to move the same and having a transverse slot with end portions extending in the same direction but ofiset with respect pushes the cap ofi' of itself and leaves said 7 to each other and a middle portion extending I in a different direction from'said end portions, and a crank having a pin working in both said portions of the slot.

3; In a press of the character described, the combination of a table, a slide bar connected to said table to reciprocate the same and having a transverse slot with end portions inclined to the length of the bar and a middle portion at right angles thereto, and a crank having apin working in said slot to reciprocate said bar. v e

4. In a press of the character described, the combination of a base, a table for lower dies, means on said base for raising and lowering the table, a blank holder above said 7 base, bolts capable of stretching for slight differences in thickness-of the metal being drawn extending from said base and spacing said blank holder therefrom, a plunger working through said blank holder, and

means for operating said plunger;

5. In a pressof the haracter described,

the combination of a base, a table for lower dies, means on sald base for raislng and lowering the table,- four posts extending upward from said base, a blank holder slidable on said posts and guided thereby, a pair of opposite bolts each between'two of the posts extending from the base and spacing said blank holder therefrom, said bolts being capable of stretching for slight difierences in thickness of the metal being drawn, a plunger working tnrough said blank holder,

and means for operating said plunger 6. In a press of the character described,

the combination of a base, a table for lower dies, means on said base for raisin and lowering the table, a blank holder a ove said 1 base, bolts capable ,of stretching for slight differences in thickness ofthe metal being,

drawn fixed to said base and spacing said blank holder therefrom, nuts on said bolts secured to the blank holder as 1 to movement longitudinally of the bolts and loose as to rotation, a plunger working through. the blank holder, and meansvfor operating said plunger. 1

7. In a press, the combination of driving means including a clutch, braking means, a control lever for o erating said clutch and brake means toget lier, means actuatedby the press for automatically swinging said control lever to stop the press, and a release pivotally connecting said swinging means and control lever for manually disengaging them. a 1

8. In a press, the combination of driving means includin a control lever or operating said clutch and brake means together, means actuated by the press -for automatically swinging said control lever to stop the press, and a release a clutch, braking means,-

.pivotally connecting said swinging means and control lever for manually disengaging them, said release having a handle adjacent the handle of the control lever to be grasped therewith.

9. In a press of the. character described, the combination of a table, a slide bar connected to said table to reciprocate the same 'and having a transverse slot with end portions inclined to the length of the bar in the same direction and a middle portion. at igght angles to the length of the bar, and a c ank having a pin working in said slot to reciprocat e said bar. I,

10. In a press of the character described, the combination of a table, a slide bar connected to said table to reciprOcate the same and having a transverse slot with a-middle portion and opposite inclined end portions which are parallel and offset with relation to nected to said table to'reciprocate the same and having a transverse slot with a middle portion at right an les to the length of the bar and opposite inc ined end portions which are parallel and ofiset with relation to each other, and a crank having a pin working in said slot-to reciprocate said bar.

EDMUND W. ZEH.

and adapted 

